Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)

What is Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)?

Hypertension, often called the "silent killer," affects nearly one in three adults in the UAE. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and is recorded as systolic over diastolic. A reading of 130/80 mmHg or higher is considered hypertension. Most people with high blood pressure have no symptoms, making regular screening essential. Uncontrolled hypertension damages blood vessels over time and significantly increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, and vision loss.

Symptoms

• ●Usually no symptoms (silent condition)
• ●Severe headaches
• ●Shortness of breath
• ●Nosebleeds
• ●Dizziness and blurred vision
• ●Chest pain

What Causes Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)?

In most cases (about 90-95%), the exact cause is unknown and is classified as primary (essential) hypertension. This develops gradually over many years due to a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. Secondary hypertension is caused by underlying conditions such as kidney disease, adrenal gland tumors, thyroid disorders, or certain medications.

Risk Factors

• ⚠Obesity and physical inactivity
• ⚠High-sodium diet
• ⚠Family history of hypertension
• ⚠Age (risk increases with age)
• ⚠Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption
• ⚠Chronic stress

How to Prevent Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)

Maintaining a healthy weight, reducing sodium intake, exercising regularly (at least 150 minutes per week), and managing stress can significantly lower blood pressure. Regular blood pressure monitoring and routine blood tests help detect organ damage early.

When to Get Tested

All adults should have blood pressure checked at least annually. If you have risk factors, more frequent monitoring along with kidney function and lipid profile tests is recommended.

References & Sources

• [1]
  WHO — HypertensionAccessed: 2026-02-24
• [2]
  Mayo Clinic — High Blood PressureAccessed: 2026-02-24
• [3]
  CDC — High Blood PressureAccessed: 2026-02-24