Peripheral Neuropathy

What is Peripheral Neuropathy?

The peripheral nervous system sends information from the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body. Peripheral neuropathy occurs when these nerves are damaged, disrupting normal communication. The condition can affect sensory nerves (feeling), motor nerves (movement), or autonomic nerves (involuntary functions). Diabetic neuropathy is the most common form, affecting up to 50% of diabetic patients. Given the high prevalence of diabetes in the UAE, peripheral neuropathy is a significant health concern. Other causes include vitamin deficiencies (B12, folate), autoimmune diseases, infections, kidney disease, and alcohol abuse. Early diagnosis and management of the underlying cause are crucial to prevent irreversible nerve damage.

Symptoms

• ●Numbness or tingling in hands or feet, often spreading upward
• ●Sharp, jabbing, or burning pain
• ●Extreme sensitivity to touch
• ●Muscle weakness or loss of coordination
• ●Feeling as if wearing gloves or socks when not
• ●Difficulty with balance and walking

What Causes Peripheral Neuropathy?

Peripheral neuropathy has many causes. Diabetes is the most common, as prolonged high blood sugar damages nerves. Vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies, autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, chronic kidney disease, infections, certain medications (especially chemotherapy), and hereditary disorders can all lead to nerve damage.

Risk Factors

• ⚠Diabetes, especially poorly controlled
• ⚠Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency
• ⚠Autoimmune diseases such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis
• ⚠Chronic kidney disease
• ⚠Excessive alcohol consumption
• ⚠Family history of neuropathy

How to Prevent Peripheral Neuropathy

Prevention focuses on managing underlying conditions. Keep blood sugar well controlled if diabetic, maintain adequate vitamin B12 and folate levels through diet or supplements, exercise regularly, and avoid repetitive motions or prolonged pressure on nerves.

When to Get Tested

Get tested if you experience persistent numbness, tingling, or burning in your hands or feet, especially if you have diabetes, vitamin deficiencies, or autoimmune conditions.

References & Sources

• [1]
  Mayo Clinic — Peripheral NeuropathyAccessed: 2026-02-24
• [2]
  NHS — Peripheral NeuropathyAccessed: 2026-02-24
• [3]
  Cleveland Clinic — Peripheral NeuropathyAccessed: 2026-02-24